Design Article
Fuel vaporization could boost gas mileage, cut emissions
R Colin Johnson
1/26/2009 5:08 PM EST
Since the advent of fuel injectors, vaporization has been replaced by atomization of fuel by forcibly pumping it through a small nozzle under high pressure. The difference, according to Bushnell, is that vaporization uses heat instead of pressure to expand the volume of the atomized fuel mix--the key to reaping simultaneous fuel economy and lower emissions.
Bushnell's first task was to discover the limitations of previous fuel-vaporization designs. What engineering teams missed, according to Bushnell, was the increased volume associated with using superheated air. Instead, previous fuel vaporization techniques merely super-atomized fuel mixtures so they used less fuel, but increased emissions by burning too lean.
"Previous vapor fuel technologies have been based on the lean-burn approach," said Busnell. "But that creates a problem with oxides of nitrogen--NOX--which is one of the emissions that the EPA tests for and strictly limits."
Vapor Fuel Technologies' approach, on the other hand, avoids lean burning by instead heating both air and the vaporized fuel to near the point of spontaneous combustion, called auto-ignition, "which is a faster more powerful combustion event," said Bushnell. "So you can put less fuel in, and get the same performance by improving the combustion event, which is one of the big differences between our performance versus previous vaporization efforts."
The same fuel mixture enters the engine, but because hotter air occupies more space and provides more power, it enables a simultaneous savings in fuel economy and lower emissions.
"We have figured out a way to thermally reduce the amount of fuel in the mixture, rather that just put less fuel and more air. We heat the air and thermally expand it, so it literally occupies more space per pound--another way of putting less fuel in the engine, but without creating the lean burn problems." said Bushnell.
Besides offering retrofits for existing vehicles, Vapor Fuel Technologies is also negotiating with U.S., European and Asian automobile makers that plan to license the technology to increase the fuel efficiency of new vehicles. The company estimates that its technology can be added to new vehicles for less than $100.


broccoli
1/27/2009 11:32 AM EST
If this company claims to have independent test performed that confirm their claims of 30% fuel savings with no loss of horsepower, they need to publish those tests on their website (those tests docments are conspicuously absent on the company's website.)
In other words, it's time to put up or shut up.
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Mayor McCheese
1/27/2009 12:27 PM EST
A quote from the test company's research director that conducted the test isn't enough for you? Why would you need to see such test documentation? Reading both the companies web site, this article, and the other posted on their news page (which it looks like you failed to do) would indicate that they have all ready "put up". Who are you to say what a company need to put on their web site? I didn't know there was an Internet Police, perhaps you have a badge number? So, Mr. Broccoli, where is your fuel saving device, patents and independent test result? I see you failed to post them.
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sdb
1/27/2009 2:46 PM EST
This does sound on the edge of too-good-to-be-true (and you know what your mother said about things that sounded too good to be true) so I am going to follow up in 6 months -- if the numbers are true this will have made a big splash by then -- it not, their web page will remain static. I will also try to determine whether they are using this annoucement to bring in investors.
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vsrosa
1/28/2009 3:54 AM EST
when you say "The same fuel mixture enters the engine, but because hotter air occupies more space and provides more power, it enables a simultaneous savings in fuel economy and lower emissions." you are contradictating yourself. If the air is hotter and occupies more space, then you have less mixture inside the cylinder (a constant volume unit) and you should have less maximum power output from the engine. If your engine is a large one, you can get savings because you also reduce the drag associated to the vacuum in the intake.
I'm not a engine expert, but I think the same work could be done with variable intake valve timing.
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Work to Ride comma Ride to Work
1/28/2009 10:29 AM EST
Oh, no. Not another one. Doesn't anyone think that if it was that easy to improve mileage and cut emissions, that car manufacturers with their millions in research dollars would have done this twenty years ago? This inevitably will turn out to provide little to no improvement in either fuel economy or emissions except by the fuel savings gained by lightening the wallet of the consumer.
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dvandit
1/28/2009 12:23 PM EST
Maybe the people who currently do aftermarket re-programming, (chipping) of ECUs for more HP and torque can do a higher fuel economy version of their software...
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broccoli
1/28/2009 10:20 PM EST
To answer why I think test documents should be made available:
1) If the test data proves out the inventor's claims, it would only be to the inventor's benefit to make the test documents available.
2)There's huge precedent for supposed fuel-saving gizmos that just somehow never pan out.
3)Modern engines already burn fuel 98-99% completelly, so there just isn't any room for this claim of 30% improvement in mileage of a car retrofitted with this vaporization system. See this link for more explanation of this point:
http://www.fuelsaving.info/unburnt_fuel.htm
So since the inventor's claims don't make any freakin' sense, I think it pretty reasonable to ask for the test data.
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Zr2ee
2/2/2009 3:58 AM EST
between the hydrogen generators, fuel catalysts and other things that never seems to make it to the big market its easy to be a skeptic, but you never know until you try it. however i am curious how they can claim a more powerful combustion by displacing gas with hot air, everything i've learned about cars says that cold air and a leaner mixture creates more power...but warmer air improves milage since less fuel is needed to keep the air fuel ratio consistant
im also curious about how they could control their "auto ignition" without causing premature detonation
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Ron_Sparky
2/11/2009 1:17 PM EST
Heating the air to force the evaporation of the fuel may give better mileage, it will also cause a serious problem with pre-ignition and detonation in the cylinders. When the piston compresses the air/fuel mixture, it will cause it to heat up (basic physics). If it is pre-heated "to near the point of spontaneous combustion" the added heating of compression will cause pre-ignition which will cause significant damage to the engine. Then there is the issue of getting the same amount of power out of the engine. By preheating, the mixture density is lower giving a lower combustion pressure. The result is a lower amount of power from the air/fuel mixture. The F150 in the article will have a very hard time trying to pull a trailer with this type of fuel system feeding it. The full amount of power of a carbureted or fuel injected engine will be impossible to achieve with this system.
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Paul_A/V
3/12/2009 9:13 AM EDT
"Work to Ride",
GM had an experimental intake manifold and carburetor in the early 1950s. It somehow got into a production 1951 Buick Roadmaster that reached a dealer in Pittsburgh. The car was sold to a local man. The man came back to the dealer for routine maintenance and raved about how he was getting 35 miles to the gallon. A short while after, representatives from GM came to acquire the car back from the dealer. When they found out the car was sold the GM folks approached the buyer to buy back the car. At first the buyer wouldn't sell but eventually he did. In case you didn't catch that, this was a Buick Roadmaster. That's a big heavy car with a V-8 engine.
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Paul_A/V
3/12/2009 9:16 AM EDT
Here's another one that made it to the market by accident.
GM had an experimental intake manifold and carburetor in the early 1950s. It somehow got into a production 1951 Buick Roadmaster that reached a dealer in Pittsburgh. The car was sold to a local man. The man came back to the dealer for routine maintenance and raved about how he was getting 35 miles to the gallon. A short while after, representatives from GM came to acquire the car back from the dealer. When they found out the car was sold the GM folks approached the buyer to buy back the car. At first the buyer wouldn't sell but eventually he did. In case you didn't catch that, this was a Buick Roadmaster. That's a big heavy car with a V-8 engine.
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climer97007
3/18/2009 3:19 PM EDT
"I am curious how they can claim a more powerful combustion by displacing gas with hot air, everything i've learned about cars says that cold air and a leaner mixture creates more power...but warmer air improves milage since less fuel is needed to keep the air fuel ratio consistant im also curious about how they could control their "auto ignition" without causing premature detonation"
When you heat gasoline, it either expands in volume or the pressure goes up or a little of both.
These guys appear to be fiddling with the gasoline/air mixture temperature. When heated, the gas/air mix expands so that it takes up more space, same ratio of air to fuel. The air/fuel ratio is not changed.
Smokey Yunick did this also, but, I think his patents have expired. In Smokeys case, he was heating the air/gas mix with engine water heat and exhaust heat. Once you get it to a high enough temperature, it is really expanding "fast". And you end up using waaaay less fuel even with the same A/F ratio. If you keep the velocity up, like he did with a turbo, and a fixed manifold size, you also end up with pressure boost. So, in Smokeys case, he boosted the pressure and the air/fuel temperature. And he did it all with waste engine heat, thus increasing the adiabatic efficiency.
These guys are using alternator current to provide the heat. But, they are only displacing some of the air/fuel mixture with their hot vapor. Smokey heated the whole thing up. Smokey was able to get almost 250 HP out of half of a Buick V6 (3 cylinders), and was getting 48 MPG when it was put into a Buick Skylark using a automatic with no overdrive (If memory serves).
What these guys are claiming seems very realistic to me. But, I'd like to take it a couple steps farther myself. That is, if they are willing to work with me on it. Gene Climer, Beaverton, Oregon. climer97007@yahoo.com 503-642-2017 (H) 503-267-1648 (M)
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Peter_Mould
3/21/2012 5:43 AM EDT
I have heard that the bmw sirl flap enables more oxygen to get into the engine, enabling better fuel burning. If this fuel vaporisation technique can further improve burning, there will be less carbon emissions.
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