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Planning to fail is planning to fail

neil johnson

1/31/2013 9:06 PM EST

Neil Johnson and Catherine Louis

“Failing to plan is planning to fail” is a quote attributed to both Alan Lakein, the writer of several self-help books on time management in the 1970s, and before that to Winston Churchill. The quote hints of the fortunes of teams who embrace the importance of planning, by countering with an ominous prediction for teams that don’t. Hardware teams understand the importance of planning, but does the act of project planning guarantee success to the same degree that avoiding project planning guarantees failure? According to 110 engineers surveyed in the spring of 2012, it does not.

From a survey group comprised of embedded software, system integration and ASIC/FPGA engineers, we found that confidence in project planning is tragically low. Not surprisingly, a majority of respondents admitted that recent projects finish behind schedule. When it comes to hardware project planning, it appears teams plan for failure much more frequently than they plan for success.



 
Are hardware developers confident in their approach to project planning?
The motivation behind conducting this survey was to test our hypothesis that hardware developers lack confidence in their project planning practices and to find a correlation between a lack in confidence and low overall success rates. The survey posed a series of questions related to project planning to which respondents were asked to ‘strongly agree’, ‘agree’, ‘disagree’ or ‘strongly disagree’. Questions in the survey were worded positively as to avoid biasing responses in support of our hypothesis.



We found the survey data support our hypothesis. Confidence in project planning practices is decidedly mixed with roughly half of respondents admitting low confidence in their approach to project planning. An overwhelming 87% suggested their projects finish behind schedule.

Causes of lack of confidence and schedule overrun
We find the data suggest some very clear factors when it comes to confidence and schedule overrun.



Of those surveyed, an overwhelming 84% do work that is not represented on a project schedule. Further, 75% disagreed with the idea an initial project plan accurately identifies the amount of work required. When it comes to individual items on a project plan the results were not much better with a total of 67% asserting time estimates for those items were inaccurate.



The data suggest that when it comes to initially planning and estimating, hardware development teams are using methods that are severely inadequate and they know it. From the very beginning, teams are setting expectations with their estimates that are completely out of touch with reality.




Sparky_Watt

2/1/2013 7:09 PM EST

This is fundamentally flawed. The flaw is that I have seen very few companies that PLAN a project. They put together "project plans" but they haven't planned the project. They just take a wing at what they think they can do and call that a plan. Often the plan includes make-or-break constraints that are put there by someone that has no clue (we have to have this in six months, or our effort is wasted, failure is not an option). Let's face it. Planning is hard work and largely unproductive. What it really does for us is set expectations and allows us to prepare. And it allows us to choose intelligently. But, it can't be done in a half hour by a group sitting around a table. You need to research the requirements, estimate the needs and the uncertainties. It can then be assembled by that group, but it almost always is unacceptably long and expensive, so it gets arbitrarily cut. Then it isn't a plan anymore, it is a wish.

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nosnhojn

2/4/2013 12:41 PM EST

thanks sparky_watt. we contend hardware planning approaches are broken and I think your opinion that very few companies plan supports that idea. planning to fail, failing to plan, they both end up at the same place.

thanks for reading!

-neil

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WKetel

2/2/2013 10:33 PM EST

One additional fact is that having a really good plan does not by any means assure that the project itself is a one that will succeed. I have seen very good plans that carried out very dumb ideas very well. So even if it is possible to cover all of the individual things that must be done for a project, none of that effort makes the original idea a good idea that will certainly succeed.

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nosnhojn

2/4/2013 12:52 PM EST

WKetel, I agree with you. Our focus was strictly success wrt initial project plan (ie. planning/execution) to measure effectiveness of planning approaches. Obviously that's just 1 component of success that should include product quality, etc.

-neil

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dick_freebird

2/4/2013 1:14 PM EST

If you want to survive as a practicing engineer you had best get good at recovering gracefully because there will be first-pass failures, especially if you're the first to try (and where else would you want to be?). Planning-in the most sensible and cost effective mitigations (spares on chip, late-levels reworkability, backup lots and so on for the semiconductor types) will make some managers whine about cost (ditto telling them you need twice as much verification time and the tools to do it) but it's on you, so act accordingly.

"No battle plan survives contact with the enemy"

But you had better learn how to pack.

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philipoakley

2/4/2013 4:59 PM EST

Making predictions is hard, especially about the future. Such is the problem of planning development (i.e. new designs).

It is much easier to plan how long it will take to do 'the same thing' again.

The hard bit is identifying which parts are 'the same thing' and which parts are 'new and unknown'.

Even then, you still need to know how long it took / what it cost last time, which usually isn't available anyway as such data is fudged, hidden, held by others who aren't telling, etc.

The end result is to make a guess, double it, and then double again, so the programme manager can halve it, which then allows for when your optimism (guess) meets reality!

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Work to Ride comma Ride to Work

2/7/2013 2:40 PM EST

Usually the problem is that when engineering provides the Basis of Estimates (BOE's), the reality of what it takes to successfully complete the jobs clashes with the program management's Price to Win (PTW). Guess which always wins ??? Then of course later, engineering gets a black eye for being behind schedule and over budget. There is so much fodder for Dilbert cartoons we can't even begin to list it.

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LiketoBike

3/7/2013 1:35 PM EST

This has been my experience. Especially when doing something new, management is NEVER satisfied with a REALISTIC schedule. That's always too long. Well, one can squish the lines around on a Gantt chart all one wants, force-fitting a project into an arbitrary timespan...but things still take as long as they take. Working 20 hour days is NOT sustainable. Hire more people, accept less features, or spend more money (this sounds like, "Good, cheap, fast - pick two" :-) )

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