News & Analysis
IBM tells story behind Chevy Volt design
Rick Merritt
5/4/2011 2:37 PM EDT
SAN JOSE, Calif. – The Chevy Volt provides an example of the need for unified tools and methods to handle the increasing complexity and software content in embedded system design, according to a keynote at the Embedded Systems Conference here.
"Software is becoming the most strategic asset and its use is growing astronomically," said Meg Selfe, a vice president for complex and embedded systems at IBM Rational, the group acquired by IBM in 2003 that pioneered the Unified Modeling Language.
Selfe described IBM's work to help streamline General Motors' design process, bringing the hybrid electric car to market in 29 months compared to 60 months for a typical new car design cycle. The advance was even more significant given the car used a new battery pack, electric drive unit and cabin electronics.
"They focused on time to market, and they had to because it was a life or death moment for them," said Selfe, referring to the near bankruptcy of GM and other Detroit automakers.
"They were in a near-death experience, so they brought together their best thousand engineers," said the IBM exec, herself a former systems engineer at GM and Delphi. "They were changing the way in which they did engineering," she said.
Specifically, GM moved the Volt team to a new product development platform, streamlining its tools and processes along the way. That meant going through a difficult set of decisions about which of thousands of tools and processes were best of breed and which it needed to jettison.
"It was like a battle of tools," Selfe said. "But they weren’t afraid to pull teams together and make decisions using new governance procedures" so in the end everyone could agree on how to move forward, she said.
IBM helped create "a bunch of connectors and wrappers to help them automate their [resulting] tool chain," Selfe said. The tools included automatic code generators something many in the embedded world are still coming to grips with, she said.
In a sign of the complexity of the task, the Volt uses an estimated 10 million lines of code, running about 100 control units. That's up from about six million lines of code in typical 2009 model cars and as little as 2.4 million in 2005.
The number of test procedures was also cut from more than 600 to about 400. "Testing is something all of us can still waste too much time and energy on," she said.
In an acknowledgement of the increasing importance of its in-house software, GM gave each Volt its own IP address.
"They use it for a few things today, like finding a charging station, but they hope to use it to push more software out to the vehicles in the future," Selfe said.
In the end, GM "put more of the design in-house," especially the software design, Selfe said. "It was a risk on their part because they are a very old company, but they needed to do it different and they did," she said.
IBM posted a video online about its work with the Volt.
IBM estimates of cumulative investments in software
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Luis Sanchez
5/4/2011 4:48 PM EDT
That part about the testing indeed is the one that sucks more of time and money in the development process. If this could be streamlined even further it would be a sure money saver.
Up to 75% of the development cost can be dedicated to testing according with some authors.
And I think, many times the tester is the one that receives a little less credit. Is testing the necessary evil?
Is it only me or is it that the industry takes more interest in developing tools for design than for testing? or improving the tests?
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chanj
5/4/2011 7:58 PM EDT
Testing is the key to a successful product. It is the last gate to avoid releasing an unstable product to the market. Yet, the 3 top guys of engineering, QA and Sales have to communicate and trade properly between catching the market and fixing the bugs. Similar to development, product can always be better if it has more time to test. However, catching the market is crucial to the success of a business.
At last, a lot of engineers may agree QA is boring. However, QA can be fun and creative. Test automation and test cases development are as challenging as developing a new product.
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hm
5/5/2011 12:48 AM EDT
Yes, I agree - QA is fun and creative. My suggestion is QA person must have 10 to 15 years of hands on design experience.
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goafrit
5/5/2011 11:47 AM EDT
No - age does not qualify for experience. It is an illusion people have used to kill innovation. If Jobs had needed experience, Apple will not be founded. Take the experience away. All we need is skill.
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Code Monkey
5/5/2011 2:23 PM EDT
You mean motivated True Believers with skill.
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prabhakar_deosthali
5/5/2011 10:27 AM EDT
That is some systems engineering! I am interested to know whether in this 10 million lines of code that has been put into the Volt, are their sufficient hooks to do a post analysis of the vehicle performance - range per charge, no of charging cycles, charge level before recharging etc. Also are their embedded collection points in the software to find out which of the code modules were actually put into use by the real time control situations and which code modules remained totally unused in the lifetime of the car. Such information can be very useful in analyzing the design considerations vs actual conditions.
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nicolas.mokhoff
5/5/2011 1:00 PM EDT
This "very old company" is rebounding just fine. WSJ reports that "General Motors said its net income more than tripled in the first quarter due to stronger sales and sales of assets, including its stake in former auto-parts arm Delphi Automotive. The results give the auto maker a boost as the U.S. government weighs a sale this summer of more GM stock." And the Volt surpassed Nissan's Leaf in car sales last month: http://news.consumerreports.org/cars/2011/05/april-car-sales-car-buyers-look-to-small-cars-as-gas-prices-rise.html
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selinz
5/5/2011 2:18 PM EDT
You can be sure that there are lots of collected information from the vehicles. However, the consumer is unlikely to see most of it. At least not until it is thoroughly massaged...
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TLB
5/5/2011 2:43 PM EDT
Nic I am always more profitable when bailed out as well.
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dnelson1d
5/5/2011 3:10 PM EDT
Nic, That article was wrong, actually Leaf sales surpassed Volt for the first time in April. See: http://www.greencarreports.com/blog/1059355_april-electric-car-sales-chevy-volt-nissan-leaf-steady and here: http://wot.motortrend.com/winners-losers-natural-disaster-edition-april-2011-auto-sales-74637.html There were 493 Volts sold in April. For comparison, there were 10,852 Chevy Camaros sold in April. This is a niche product, for enviros and their gov't subsidizing cronies. The Volt will be an Edsel unless sales and production ramp up orders of magnitude quickly.
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honoreitiscom
5/5/2011 10:41 PM EDT
People please stop comparing Leaf and Volt sales. The sales figures only tell you how many are being produced. Both cars have waiting lists. They sell every one they make. Once they crank up production of both cars, and there are extras on the dealer's lots, THEN let's compare their sales volumes.
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nicolas.mokhoff
5/6/2011 11:24 AM EDT
Right, it's a crap shoot right now. The CR production numbers only compared the hottest EVs as part of a horserace report. My bet is on the Leaf.
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Rob@GEHS
5/6/2011 3:20 PM EDT
Sales might be a horserace between Nissan Leaf and the Chevy Volt, but I can tell you which one I'd rather drive: The Volt, no contest. Here's why: Either one will get me to work on electricy alone. But, when your battery runs down on the Nissan, you are stuck until you can recharge. You better plan ahead and be at a place you CAN recharge. With the Volt, when the battery runs low, the gas engine kicks in. You can fill up with gas and immediately be on your way again. I would fear being stuck on the road with the Leaf. No thanks! (But I agree the price of the Volt is too high.)
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http://www.lulu.com/spotlight/poconoarmchairreview
5/8/2011 11:33 PM EDT
Volts have their own IP addresses, too. I'm guessing you will be able to drive Volts with your browser.
Remember the last time your computer crashed because of an automatic software update? Now your car will be getting software updates. Better leave early for work, and take a pair of sneakers with you.
(As the article said, "they needed to do it different," meaning that the Volt will be one of the first automobiles to run without the use of any adverbs.)
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dblaza1
5/8/2011 6:46 PM EDT
We took delivery of a Chevy Volt on Friday (May 6) for a program we are doing at EETimes that starts in June so I am lucky enough to be able to drive one around and its not only impressive but it gets a lot of attention when I park it. As a Prius owner for 3 years I wasn't sure what to expect but this car has renewed my faith in GM and the US auto industry. I may buy one but as someone commented they are in very short supply and we had to pay $10k over list to get it. These aren't going to be niche vehicles in 3 to 5 years in my opinion, go drive one!
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