Only 22 percent of ISO’s members supported China’s Wired Authentication and Privacy Infrastructure (WAPI), while 86 percent favored 802.11i, according to documents obtained by EE Times. The voting wrapped up last Tuesday, but ISO doesn’t plan to make the results public until next week.

China submitted its revamped WAPI proposal for fast-track balloting, alongside 802.11i, in October. Although eagerly awaited, the results are not surprising. The IEEE’s standard is well-established in the market and was created through an open process.

In comments attached to their votes, some ISO members said they were concerned that WAPI’s development process was relatively closed and that some of the underlying technology, such as security algorithms, has not been disclosed. There was also concern about WAPI’s apparent incompatibility with 802.11i and its predecessors.

Despite the rejection, this might not be the end of the road for WAPI. Many ISO members expressed a desire to see a “harmonization” between the standards. Yet it was clear that 802.11i would be the foundation of any such attempt.

“We believe that elements of 1N7904 (WAPI) provide mechanisms that are potentially valuable additions to ISO/IEC 8802-11 and other standards in the future. … We do not therefore consider that while voting approval for 1N7903 (802.11i ) it is not seen as the final step in the journey. There will always be a need for improved security mechanisms to provide new features and defend against new threats,” said the New Zealand national standards body.

In other comments, some ISO members also noted the intense lobbying they were subjected to during the five-month balloting process. During that period, the IEEE 802.11 Working Group released detailed arguments against WAPI, which spurred angry responses from the Chinese national standards body and worsened tensions between the groups.

A hint about whether the two sides can work together to include some of WAPI’s technology into an ISO standard should come in June when ISO members meet in Prague to discuss the results of the ballot. In a statement released to EE Times, IEEE said it “remains committed to supporting the international standards process and maintains its offer to work with China to harmonize the WAPI technology with existing IEEE and international standards.”